An important factor in the socio-economic development of modern society and its regions is the state and possibilities of accumulating human capital. Strategic guidelines and guidelines for its development determine the prosperity and competitiveness of the territories. Based on the analysis of the texts of documents - the Strategy of Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Tatarstan until 2030 and the Messages of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan R.N. Minnikhanov to the State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan for 2013-2019, the authors of the article identified the main topics of the official discourse of Tatarstan on human capital: the necessary competencies that meet the needs of the socio-economic development of the republic, improvement of conditions conducive to the accumulation and effective use of human capital, and mechanisms for increasing human capital.

The central place in delinquency prevention is occupied by the ideas about set of factors leading to delinquent behaviour and adressing these factors within the activities of corresponding state institutions. The article provides analytic review of theories related to crime determinants which were developed by the Western researchers. The review research covers main interpretations of delinquent behaviour from classic notions of social disorganization and anomie to crime opportunity theories and NeoMarxist concepts of crime. Moreover, the article emphasizes the pecularities of crime prevention stemming from the theories presented in the review.

There has been a low level of communication between the authorities and the population in Russia recently. The lack of a solution to this problem can lead to the stagnation of civil society. A possible solution may be to extrapolate the experience in this area of the "smart city" of Innopolis. Based on the results of in-depth interviews with residents of the city, the features of communication on city management issues were determined. The results of the study showed that in the city there is direct communication on management issues between the authorities and residents through Telegram chats

The article, firstly, examines various theoretical and methodological foreign and domestic concepts of studying elites, and secondly, analyzes the regional elite from the point of view of expert opinion. The study was conducted in (October - November) 2019 by the Center for Sociological Research of Astrakhan State University, 50 experts were interviewed; the selection was carried out by a quota sample. The purpose of the study is to identify the opinion of regional experts of elitology about the formation and functioning of the regional elite specifics. The results of the conducted sociological research show how ambiguously representatives of the Astrakhan regional elite characterize their own problems and sphere of activity. The polled political, administrative and intellectual elite do not have a single opinion on many issues. Opinions were divided on the issues of compliance of the modern Russian elite with moral, ethical and professional qualities, as well as on the factors of elite formation in the modern Russian region. The results of the study demonstrated the existing problems in the functioning of political elites, and also allowed us to formulate a number of recommendations and possible ways to improve the effectiveness of the modern regional ruling elite.

The article presents a socio-philosophical view on the construction of a political image in the context of the media space. A comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of media is revealed through the meta-approach of symbolic interactionism, within which a number of sociological research methods are proposed. The issue of the formation of various scales and benchmarks for the analysis of the political media image by means of questionnaires, focus group discussions and expert polls is considered. Theoretical research in the field of studying the phenomenon of leadership is generalized, which expands the criterion series, enriching it with the personal characteristics of a political actor and external factors. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the study of the media image is inextricably linked with the development of the media space, political traditions and a number of other aspects.

The results of a study carried out in the form of a mass on-line survey of young people in the Republic of Tatarstan are presented. 2250 respondents representing various ethnic, territorial, gender and age groups of the younger generation took part in a representative sample survey. The study, carried out with the aim of gaining an idea of the model of civic competence of modern youth, its civic maturity, made it possible to trace the main trends in the change in evaluative priorities in the opinions of representatives of the younger generation, to catch the tone of the expressed evaluations. The authors come to the conclusion that considering civic competence as a personality-forming basis of representatives of young generations, one should understand its content component not only as the ability to live in a civil society, a rule of law, but also the desire to form and create it. In this regard, the respondents are convinced that they should participate in the implementation of the country's national goals.

Vocational guidance provides preparation of students for their future profession, the use of vocational orientations in the development of a strategy for the employment of university graduates is significant.
At the present stage of designing forms of vocational guidance in an educational organization in the Russian Federation, contradictions arise between the increase in the intensity of information and technical progress, the development of the labor market and the shortcomings of the process of vocational education and vocational guidance in educational organizations. In this regard, the problem of the study is to clarify the resource base for ensuring the design of vocational guidance and employment strategies for university graduates. As a solution to the problem, a concept of vocational guidance work and a conceptual model for the formation of a strategy for the employment of university graduates are proposed. It is also proposed to use sociological methods for diagnosing vocational guidance and employment strategies for university graduates.

Recently, the drain of personnel from has noticeably increased, which has an extremely negative effect on the performance of the police's functions - ensuring order and the safety of citizens. Police service cannot be called easy, so some officers cannot withstand the workload and quit. Thus, it is important from the very beginning of the service of young police officers to monitor their social well-being, attitudes towards their work, relationships with colleagues and the situation in the family. This article is devoted to the solution of this issue, in which the author conducts a comprehensive analysis of all the most important aspects of the daily life of an employee of the internal affairs bodies using the author's tools (scales) in the questionnaire, which make it possible to accurately determine the social well-being of a police officer

The article presents the results of semi-structured interviews with public people ("opinion leaders") from the republics of Mari El and Mordovia on the issue of teaching native language at school. The similarity of the positions of respondents from different regions on this issue is noted: concern about the complexity of the procedure for licensing textbooks in the native language, the need for joint efforts of the state, family and school in maintaining and developing the languages of the titular nation, increasing the hours of the native (titular) language for deeper mastering it, the theoretical possibility of passing the Unified State Exam in the native language, but the complexity of implementing this in practice. In both republics, opinions on the voluntary/mandatory nature of learning the titular language were divided. In support of the obligation to study the language, the expediency of knowing it as the state language, as the language of the titular nation, was noted. In Mordovia, the need for respect for the culture of another people was also indicated as a reason.

The article considers the national idea as the semantic foundation of the Russian nation. The authors reveal the problem using the example of the results of studies conducted in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2019 and 2020 (in 2019, 751 people were interviewed by standardized interview method, 185 respondents were among them young people aged 16 to 30, the sample was quota-based, zoned; in 2020, as part of the I- and We-Concepts of youth study, 1,000 people 16-30 years old were interviewed by online questionnaire, the sample was zoned, followed by the selection of respondents using the "snowball" method). According to the results of the 2019 survey, it is demonstrated a high level of consensus of citizens and top officials of the country regarding patriotism and great power as variants of the national idea of Russia. It is analyzed the differences in the views of respondents belonging to different age groups on this issue. The authors reveal the peculiarities of respondents' perception of the category "patriotism". The article examines the attitude of young people under 30 living in the republic to the national goals proposed in the 2020 survey as an alternative to the state idea. It is drawn conclusions about the main trends and prospects of the search and selection of the national idea of Russia.

Any forms of relationships in social formations are traditionally considered as specific connections of various categories of subjects (individuals). The specific nature of the relationship is determined by the social environment in which they are carried out. One of such specific social formations is the penitentiary society, which is managed through two types of relationships – formal and informal. The article presents a theoretical and empirical sociological analysis of the relationship between the administration of correctional institutions and the penitentiary community. The study was conducted in correctional institutions of general and strict regime of the Stavropol Territory, in the period 2019-2020 (N=472). The results obtained can be used as subjective indicators to determine the degree of loyalty of convicts to social practices implemented in domestic penitentiary institutions

In the article the author considers the theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of the professional development of university employees. Human capital theory by G. Becker and social field theory by P. Bourdieu are chosen as the theoretical basis of the study. On their basis the structure and possible criteria for assessing the structure and volume of human capital of university employees are defined. General and specific components of human capital; cultural, social and symbolic capitals are singled out as essential differentiating characteristics. The capitals, specificity of their functioning and conversion are considered in the academic field formed by the intersection of social fields of science and education. The perspective of empirical study of human capital building strategies taking into account social characteristics of employees (age, gender, specialty, length of service, status in academic structure), characteristics of organization (type of university), wide social context is set.

Today, in the context of globalizing markets, changing the socio-economic environment and the introduction of innovative technologies, competition between companies for professional competent specialists has intensified. In the article, the author attempted to consider the features of the management of the organization's image as an employer from the point of view of socio-economic knowledge. With the help of an appeal to the scientific research of contemporary researchers in the field of consumption sociology, brand sociology, economic sociology, scientific ideas about the management system of the organization's image as an employer and indicators of its successful advancement in the labor market were analyzed.
The analysis of research practices allows us to conclude that in modern market conditions, the study of socio-economic factors of management in the way of the organization, which contribute to its personnel development, is relevant in the field of studying sociology, sociology of labor, sociology of organization and management, can serve as a basis for further sociological, socioeconomic studies of the features of the management process in the way of the organization and its personnel attractiveness to the labor market.