Epistemology of intelligence: methodology of distinguishing natural and machine thinking

Abstract

The modern era, characterized by the rapid development of science and technology, opens up new horizons in the development of fundamentally, ontologically unprecedented phenomena, one of which is artificial intelligence (AI). This raises completely new questions for science and philosophy about the nature of the human mind, since traditional interpretations of the phenomenon itself were built in the paradigm of the anthropocentric picture of the universe, based on the uniqueness of man, and anthropocentrism itself has been the dominant paradigmatic setting in philosophical science since the time of R. Descartes and I. Kant. But the conditions of modern reality are such that classical philosophical syntagmas are rapidly becoming obsolete dogma, they are unable to reflect the phenomena of machine learning, neural networks and autonomous systems capable of imitating human cognitive functions. The very fact of such a contradiction exposes a theoretical and methodological gap that requires certain searches and solutions that should be adequate to the modern era, where classical lines are blurring not only between different fields of scientific knowledge in favor of the formation of interdisciplinary approaches, but also between man and machine, which is one of the main determinants of the future. The development of a new methodological approach should be based on a multidisciplinary approach, which will be based on philosophical reflection synthesized with the achievements of neuroscience, psychiatry, cybernetics and IT sciences.